A 1943 report told England to scrap its elite school exam
A wartime committee recommended abolishing England's Higher School Certificate in 1943. Its replacement, the A-level, arrived in 1951 and is still sat today.
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Lebensborn's children are tracing the families the Nazis hid
Adults born under the Nazi Lebensborn programme are opening old files and childhood homes to find the parents its secrecy hid from them.
A 1927 IBM gadget solved Nuremberg's language problem
A system used at a 1927 labour conference ended up carrying Nuremberg's war-crimes trial live, in four languages at once.
Bletchley's Bombe cut Enigma's settings to about a million
Enigma had 158 million million million settings. The Turing-Welchman Bombe cut that to about a million, and helped Bletchley Park find each day's key.
Delays sent the first nuclear reactor to a Chicago squash court
Arthur Compton moved the reactor under Stagg Field in 1942 after the planned site stalled. Enrico Fermi's team then ran the first chain reaction.